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In recent years, biometrics has developed rapidly with its worldwide applications for daily life. New trends and novel developments have been proposed to acquire and process many different biometric traits. The ignored challenges in the past and potential problems need to be thought together and deeply integrated. The key objective of the book is to keep up with the new technologies on some recent theoretical development as well as new trends of applications in biometrics. The topics covered in this book reflect well both aspects of development. They include the new development in forensic speaker recognition, 3D and thermo face recognition, finger vein recognition, contact-less biometric system, hand geometry recognition, biometric performance evaluation, multi-biometric template protection, and novel subfields in the new challenge fields. The book consists of 13 chapters. It is divided into four sections, namely, theory and method, performance evaluation, security and template protection, and other applications. The book was reviewed by editors Dr. Jucheng Yang and Dr. Shanjuan Xie. We deeply appreciate the efforts of our guest editors: Dr. Norman Poh, Dr. Loris Nanni, Dr. Dongsun Park, Dr. Sook Yoon and Ms. Congcong Xiong, as well as a number of anonymous reviewers.

Biometric identification. --- Biometric person authentication --- Biometrics (Identification) --- Anthropometry --- Identification --- Computer security

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The promotion of CCTV surveillance and identity cards, along with ever heightened security at airports, immigration control and institutional access, has seen a dramatic increase in the use of automated and manual recognition. In addition, several recent disasters have highlighted the problems and challenges associated with current disaster victim identification. Discussing the latest advances and key research into identification from the face and skull, this book draws together a wide range of elements relating to craniofacial analysis and identification. It examines all aspects of facial identification, including the determination of facial appearance from the skull, comparison of the skull with the face and the verification of living facial images. With sections covering the identification of the dead and of the living, it provides a valuable review of the current state of play along with the latest research advances in this constantly evolving field.

Facial reconstruction (Anthropology) --- Face --- Biometric identification. --- Biometric person authentication --- Biometrics (Identification) --- Anthropometry --- Identification --- Human face --- Head --- Pathognomy --- Physiognomy --- Forensic anthropology --- Imaging. --- Identification.

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Although its underlying concept is a relatively simple one—the measurement of the human body and its parts—anthropometry employs a myriad of methods and instruments, and is useful for a variety of purposes, from understanding the impact of disease on individuals to tracking changes in populations over time. The first interdisciplinary reference on the subject, the Handbook of Anthropometry brings this wide-ranging field together: basic theory and highly specialized topics in normal and abnormal anthropometry in terms of health, disease prevention, and intervention. Over 140 self-contained chapters cover up-to-date indices, the latest studies on computerized methods, shape-capturing systems, and bioelectrical impedance, data concerning single tissues and whole-body variables, and reports from different areas of the world. Chapters feature helpful charts and illustrations, cross-references to related chapters are included, and key points are presented in bullet form for ease of comprehension. Together, the Handbook’s thirteen sections entail all major aspects of anthropometrical practice and research, including:   ·         Tools and techniques. ·         Developmental stages, from fetus to elder. ·         Genetic diseases, metabolic diseases, and cancer. ·         Exercise and nutrition. ·         Ethnic, cultural, and geographic populations. ·         Special conditions and circumstances.   The Handbook of Anthropometry is an invaluable addition to the reference libraries of a broad spectrum of health professionals, among them health scientists, physicians, physiologists, nutritionists, dieticians, nurses, public health researchers, epidemiologists, exercise physiologists, and physical therapists. It is also useful to college-level students and faculty in the health disciplines, as well as to policymakers and ergonomists.

Anthropometry. --- Anthropology --- Medicine --- Social Sciences --- Health & Biological Sciences --- Physical Anthropology --- Medical & Biomedical Informatics --- Anthropometry --- Diseases. --- Health. --- Personal health --- Wellness --- Human beings --- Illness --- Illnesses --- Morbidity --- Sickness --- Sicknesses --- Skeletal remains --- Diseases --- Medicine. --- Health promotion. --- Maternal and child health services. --- Health informatics. --- Clinical nutrition. --- Medicine & Public Health. --- Health Informatics. --- Maternal and Child Health. --- Health Promotion and Disease Prevention. --- Clinical Nutrition. --- Clinical nutrition --- Diet --- Diet and disease --- Dietotherapy --- Food --- Medical nutrition therapy --- MNT (Medical nutrition therapy) --- Nutrition therapy --- Dietetics --- Therapeutics, Physiological --- Clinical informatics --- Health informatics --- Medical information science --- Information science --- Health promotion programs --- Health promotion services --- Promotion of health --- Wellness programs --- Preventive health services --- Health education --- Clinical sciences --- Medical profession --- Human biology --- Life sciences --- Medical sciences --- Pathology --- Physicians --- Therapeutic use --- Data processing --- Physiology --- Holistic medicine --- Hygiene --- Well-being --- Epidemiology --- Health --- Sick --- Physical anthropology --- Body size --- Medical records --- Maternal and infant welfare. --- Personal health and hygiene. --- Data processing. --- Infant welfare --- Infants --- Maternity welfare --- Child welfare --- Mothers --- Women --- Maternal health services --- EHR systems --- EHR technology --- EHRs (Electronic health records) --- Electronic health records --- Electronic medical records --- EMR systems --- EMRs (Electronic medical records) --- Information storage and retrieval systems --- Charities, protection, etc. --- Charities --- Medical care --- Health Workforce

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Cross disciplinary biometric systems help boost the performance of the conventional systems. Not only is the recognition accuracy significantly improved, but also the robustness of the systems is greatly enhanced in the challenging environments, such as varying illumination conditions. By leveraging the cross disciplinary technologies, face recognition systems, fingerprint recognition systems, iris recognition systems, as well as image search systems all benefit in terms of recognition performance.  Take face recognition for an example, which is not only the most natural way human beings recognize the identity of each other, but also the least privacy-intrusive means because people show their face publicly every day. Face recognition systems display superb performance when they capitalize on the innovative ideas across color science, mathematics, and computer science (e.g., pattern recognition, machine learning, and image processing). The novel ideas lead to the development of new color models and effective color features in color science; innovative features from wavelets and statistics, and new kernel methods and novel kernel models in mathematics; new discriminant analysis frameworks, novel similarity measures, and new image analysis methods, such as fusing multiple image features from frequency domain, spatial domain, and color domain in computer science; as well as system design, new strategies for system integration, and different fusion strategies, such as the feature level fusion, decision level fusion, and new fusion strategies with novel similarity measures.

Biometric identification -- Congresses. --- Pattern recognition systems -- Congresses. --- Pattern recognition systems -- Mathematical models -- Congresses. --- Biometric identification --- Engineering & Applied Sciences --- Electrical & Computer Engineering --- Computer Science --- Electrical Engineering --- Biometric identification. --- Human face recognition (Computer science) --- Face recognition, Human (Computer science) --- Facial pattern recognition (Computer science) --- Biometric person authentication --- Biometrics (Identification) --- Engineering. --- Artificial intelligence. --- Pattern recognition. --- Biometrics (Biology). --- Computational intelligence. --- Computational Intelligence. --- Biometrics. --- Pattern Recognition. --- Artificial Intelligence (incl. Robotics). --- Intelligence, Computational --- Artificial intelligence --- Soft computing --- Biological statistics --- Biology --- Biometrics (Biology) --- Biostatistics --- Biomathematics --- Statistics --- Design perception --- Pattern recognition --- Form perception --- Perception --- Figure-ground perception --- AI (Artificial intelligence) --- Artificial thinking --- Electronic brains --- Intellectronics --- Intelligence, Artificial --- Intelligent machines --- Machine intelligence --- Thinking, Artificial --- Bionics --- Cognitive science --- Digital computer simulation --- Electronic data processing --- Logic machines --- Machine theory --- Self-organizing systems --- Simulation methods --- Fifth generation computers --- Neural computers --- Construction --- Industrial arts --- Technology --- Statistical methods --- Optical pattern recognition --- Anthropometry --- Identification --- Optical pattern recognition. --- Artificial Intelligence. --- Optical data processing --- Pattern perception --- Perceptrons --- Visual discrimination